Scandium Oxide Production Process

Scandium oxide txheej txheem ntau lawm
Cov tshuaj formula ntawm scandium oxide yog Sc2O3. Xwm: dawb khoom. Nws muaj cubic qauv ntawm tsawg lub ntiaj teb sesquioxide. Qhov ceev 3.864. Melting point 2403 degree ± 20 degree. Insoluble hauv dej, soluble hauv kub acid. Nws yog npaj los ntawm thermal decomposition ntawm scandium ntsev. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom evaporation rau semiconductor txheej. Ua qhov sib txawv wavelength solid-state lasers, high-txhais TV electron phom, hlau halide teeb, thiab lwm yam.
Scandium oxide (Sc2O3) yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom lag luam scandium. Nws cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg zoo ib yam li cov oxides uas tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb (xws li La2O3, Y2O3 thiab Lu2O3), yog li cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom zoo sib xws. Sc2O3 tuaj yeem tsim cov hlau scandium (Sc), cov khoom ntawm cov ntsev sib txawv (ScCl3, ScF3, ScI3, Sc2 (C2O4) 3, thiab lwm yam) thiab ntau yam scandium alloys (Al-Sc, Al-Zr-Sc series). Cov khoom lag luam scandium no muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam zoo. Vim qee tus yam ntxwv ntawm Sc2O3, nws tau siv dav hauv aluminium alloys, hluav taws xob lub teeb qhov chaw, lasers, catalysts, activators, ceramics thiab aerospace, thiab nws txoj kev vam meej yog dav heev.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, Tuam Tshoj pib tsim cov khoom lag luam Sc2O3, thiab cov khoom hnyav hnyav nkag mus rau hauv khw. Nyob rau xyoo 1980, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm Sc2O3 tau nce mus txog qhov kawg, nrog rau cov khoom tawm mus txog ntau tshaj 100 kg, feem ntau xa tawm mus rau Nyiv thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Txij li thaum xyoo 1990, Russia tau tsim cov khoom lag luam Sc2O3 ntau thiab muab pov rau hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm tus nqi qis, uas tau cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam scandium oxide hauv Suav teb, ua rau cov khoom ntawm Sc2O3 ntawm qhov qis, thiab ntau lawm. cov kab tau poob qis, ua rau Tuam Tshoj lub peev xwm thiab cov khoom tsim tawm hauv lub xeev poob qis. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev txhim kho ntawm Sc-Al alloy thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv Suav teb tau txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom ntawm Sc2O3. Tuam Tshoj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv scandium peev txheej. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias kev lag luam khaws cia ntawm scandium hauv ntiaj teb yog kwv yees li 2 lab tons ntawm tam sim no, thiab muaj li ntawm 600000-650000 tons hauv Suav teb, suav txog li 30 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus tag nrho. Tom qab xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xyaum ua ntau lawm, cov cuab yeej tsim khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv rau kev rho tawm Sc2O3 los ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:
① Txoj kev rho tawm. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm loj tso zis, zoo zoo, siab rov qab tus nqi, tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab tsis tu ncua ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau lawm.
② Ion pauv txoj kev. Nws kuj yog feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, siab purity, tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, tus nqi siab thiab lub voj voog ntev ntau lawm.
③ Extraction resin chromatography. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub voj voog luv luv, siab purity, siab tawm los thiab tus nqi qis.
④ Ua kua membrane extraction method. Nws yog ib qho tshiab kev sib cais tshuab combining membrane sib cais thiab kua-kua extraction. Tab sis tam sim no tsis muaj kev xyaum tsim khoom. Qee cov neeg tau siv emulsion kua membrane los txhawb Sc ntawm 60mg / L mus rau 1400mg / L tom qab thawj rho tawm. Los ntawm kev xav ntawm Sc2O3 extraction nyob rau hauv Suav teb tau ntau xyoo, thawj ob txheej txheem yuav luag saws.
Technology (extraction thiab ion exchange). [2]
txoj kev rho tawm
(1) Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim scandium oxide los ntawm scandium mloog zoo los ntawm kev rho tawm: scandium concentrate yog yaj nrog hydrochloric acid kom tau txais ScCl3 tov, thiab tom qab ntawd cov impurities xws li titanium thiab hlau yog purified. Purified kua yog siv los ua raw khoom. 50 feem pua ​​​​TBP thiab kerosene tau siv los ua extractant. Cov ntaub ntawv npaj thiab cov extractant muab tso rau hauv lub tank extraction kom extract scandium. Tom qab cov kua qaub ntxuav thiab distilling dej kom rho tawm scandium, cov ntshiab scandium-muaj kua (ScCl3 tov) yog tau thiab ces precipitated nrog oxalic acid. Tom qab ziab thiab hlawv, cov khoom ntshiab Sc2O3 tau txais. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog: scandium concentrate - acid dissolution - purification - TBP extraction ntawm scandium - acid ntxuav - stripping ntawm scandium - oxalic acid nag lossis daus - ziab - hlawv - ntim - warehousing (cov khoom ntshiab Sc2O3).
Cov khoom tseem ceeb: kua qaub dissolving tank, extraction tank, sedimentation tank, hlawv rauv, ntim tshuab, thiab lwm yam.
Ion pauv txoj kev
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis: tungsten pov tseg slag (muaj Sc2O378g / t ~ 377g / t) yog siv los ua raw khoom. Nws yog yaj nyob rau hauv hydrochloric acid thiab lim, thiab cov kua pub yog purified kom tau ScCl3 huv tov, uas yog siv los ua kua pub rau ion pauv tom qab sib tov. Npaj cov kab adsorption thiab kem sib cais rau kev siv. Cov kua dej pub (ScCl3 kua) ntws mus rau hauv kab adsorption los ntawm sab sauv kawg ntawm kab thiab mus txog Sc3 ntxiv rau kev siv. Tom qab txuas lub adsorption kem nrog cov kab sib cais, cov eluent yuav ntws mus rau hauv thiab los ntawm cov kab sib cais los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm cov adsorption kem. Tom qab cov kab sib cais kawg ruaj khov ntws tawm ntawm cov tshuaj ScCl3, cov tshuaj ScCl3 (cov tshuaj dawb huv ScCl3) tuaj yeem tau txais tsis tu ncua mus rau hauv lub thawv ntim khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kua qaub tau hloov kho, thiab tom qab ntawd cov oxalic acid yog siv rau nag lossis daus, pom, ziab. thiab hlawv rau daim ntawv ntshiab Sc2O3 khoom. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no: tungsten pov tseg residue - acid dissolution - purification - adsorption kem - leaching - tau txais ScCl3 tov - kho cov kua qaub - precipitating scandium - ziab - hlawv - ntim - warehousing (ntshiab Sc2O3 khoom).
Cov khoom tseem ceeb: acid dissolving tank, adsorption kem, cais kem, sedimentation tank, hlawv rauv, ntim tshuab, thiab lwm yam.
Extraction resin chromatography
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis: yaj cov chlorinated pa luam yeeb thiab plua plav nrog HCl, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nws kom ScCl3 pub kua. Scandium yog muab rho tawm hauv lub tank extraction nrog 50 feem pua ​​​​TBP-kerosene extractant, impurities yog pickled, thiab scandium yog muab rho tawm rov qab kom tau cov ntshiab Sc-Cl3 tov, ces Sc yog precipitated nrog H2C2O4, thiab ntshiab Sc2O3 yog tau los ntawm hlawv. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no: oxidation fume - hydrochloric acid dissolution - purification - net ScCl3 tov - extraction - acid ntxuav - stripping - nag lossis daus - hlawv - ntim - warehousing (cov khoom ntshiab Sc2O3).
Cov kua membrane extraction
Siv titanium dawb pov tseg kua (muaj Sc2O325g / m3) ua raw khoom. Hauv qhov nruab nrab sulfuric acid siv P204 kerosene ua cov extractant, scandium yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov kua pub rau hauv lub tank extraction. Tom qab cov impurities raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov kua qaub ntxuav nrog H2SO4 thiab H2O2, lub scandium yog muab rho tawm rov qab nrog NaOH tov los ua Sc (OH) 3 concentrate. Sc (OH) 3 yog yaj hauv hydrochloric acid los ua ScCl3 kua. Cov oxalic acid precipitates scandium (ob zaug) thiab hlawv nws. Cov pob khoom yog Sc2O3 ntshiab. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog: titanium dioxide pov tseg cawv - kev npaj - extraction - pickling - stripping - sc (OH) 3 khoom - dissolution - nag lossis daus - hlawv - ntim - warehousing (cov khoom ntshiab Sc2O3).